BIOGRAPHIES OF
THE ARGONAUTS
The following biographies of the Argonauts follow the list given in Apollonius of Rhodes. In addition to these Argonauts, other authors proposed a range of additional sailors, such as those brought in for star power like the Athenian hero Theseus and old folk heroes like Poeas whose legends had been lost in the mists of time. Following the list from Apollonius, biographies of these other Argonauts are provided. In the biographies below, some Argonauts are not fully identified because they have no other appearance in myth other than as a name on Jason's crew. Entries attributed to Smith come from William Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1844), reproduced from a standard edition.
ARGONAUTS IN APOLLONIUS
ACASTUS: The son of Pelias. After the return of the Argonauts his sisters were seduced by Medeia to cut their father in pieces and boil them; and Acastus, when he heard this, buried his father, drove Iason and Medeia, and according to Pausanias (vii. 11) his sisters also, from Iolcus, and instituted funeral games in honour of his father. (Smith)
ADMETUS: son of Pheres, the founder and king of Pherae in Thessaly, and of Periclymene orClymene. (Apollod. i. 8. § 2,9. § 14.) He took part in the Calydonian chase and the ex pedition of the Argonauts. (Apollod. i. 9. § 16; Hy- gin. Fab. 14. 173.) When he had succeeded his father as king of Pherae, he sued for the hand of Alcestis, the daughter of Pelias, who promised her to him on condition that he should come to her in a chariot drawn by lions and boars. This task Admetus performed by the assistance of Apollo, who served him according to some accounts out of attachment to him (Schol. ad Eurip. Alcest. 2; Callim. Ii. in Apoll. 46, &c.), or according to others because he was obliged to serve a mortal for one year for having slain the Cyclops. (Apollod. iii. 10. § 4.) On the day of his marriage with Alcestis, Admetus neglected to offer a sacrifice to Artemis, and when in the evening he entered the bridal chamber, he found there a number of snakes rolled up in a lump. Apollo, however, reconciled Artemis to him, and at the same time induced the Moirae to grant to Admetus deliverance from death, if at the hour of his death his father, mother, or wife would die for him. Alcestis did so, but Kora, or according to others Heracles, brought her back to the upper world. (Apollod. i. 9. § 15) (Smith)
AETHALIDES: son of Hermes and Eupolemeia, a daughter of Myrmidon. He was the herald of the Argonauts, and had received from his father the faculty of remembering every thing, even in Hades. He was further allowed to reside alternately in the upper and in the lower world. As his soul could not forget anything even after death, it remembered that from the body of Aethalides it had successively migrated into those of Euphorbus, Hermotimus, Pyrrhus, and at last into that of Pythagoras, in whom it still retained the recollection of its former migrations. (Smith)
AMPHIDAMAS: A son of Lycurgus and Cleophile, and father of Antimache, who married Eurystheus. (Apollod. iii. 9. § 2.) According to Pausanias (viii. 4. § 6) and Apollonius Rhodius (i. 168) he was a son of Aleus, and consequently a brother of Lycurgus, Cepheus, and Auge, and took part in the expedition of the Argonauts. (Hygin. Fab. 14.) (Smith)
AMPHION: An Argonaut.
ANCAEUS: An Argonaut, son of Lycurgus, later killed by a boar during the Calydonian hunt.
ANCAEUS: An Argonaut, son of Poseidon, served as helmsman of the Argo after the death of Tiphys. Often confounded in antiquity with Ancaeus, son of Lycurgus.
ARGUS: The builder of the Argo, the ship of the Argonauts, was according to Apollodorus (ii. 9. §§ 1, 16), a son of Phrixus. Apollonius Rhodius (i. 112) calls him a son of Arestor, and others a son of Hestor or Polybus. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 4, ad Lycophr. 883; Hygin. Fab. 14; Val. Flacc. i. 39, who calls him a Thespian.) Argus, the son of Phrixus, was sent by Aeetes, his grandfather, after the death of Phrixus, to take possession of his in heritance in Greece. On his voyage thither he suffered shipwreck, was found by Jason in the island of Aretias, and carried back to Colchis. (Apollon. Rhod. ii. 1095, &c.; Hygin. Fab. 21.) Hyginus (Fab. 3) relates that after the death of Phrixus, Argus intended to flee with his brothers to Athamas. (Smith)
ARIUS: An Argonaut.
ASTERION: An Argonaut, son of Antigone.
ASTERIUS: An Argonaut, sharing a name with a gigantic grandson of Ge.
AUGEAS or AUGEIAS, a son of Phorbas and Hermione, and king of the Epeians in Elis. According to some accounts he was a son o£ Eleios or Helios or Poseidon. (Pans. v. 1. § 7 ; Apollod. ii. 5. § 5 ; Schol. ad Apollon. i. 172.) His mother, too, is not the same in all traditions, for some call her Iphiboe or Naupidame. (Tzetz. ad Lycopli. 41; Hygin. Fab. 14.) He is mentioned among the Argonauts, but he is more celebrated in ancient story on account of his connexion with Heracles, one of whose labours, imposed upon him by Eurystheus, was to clear in one day the stables of Augeas, who kept in them a large number of oxen. Heracles was to have the tenth part of the oxen as his reward, but when the hero had accomplished his task by leading the rivers Alpheus and Peneus through the stables, Augeas refused to keep his promise. Heracles, therefore, made war upon him, which terminated in his death and that of his sons, with the exception of one, Phyleus, whom Heracles placed on the throne of his father. (Apollod. L c. : ii. 7. § 2 ; Diod. iv. 13, 33 ; Theocrit. Idyll. 25.) Another tradition preserved in Pausanias (v. 3. § 4, 4. § 1) represents Augeas as dying a natural death at an advanced age, and as receiving heroic honours from Oxylus. (Smith)
BUTES: Athenian shepherd, ploughman, warrior, and Argonaut who served as priest of Athena and Poseidon in Athens.
CALAIS: See page on BOREAD TWINS.
CANTHUS: An Argonaut killed in Libya.
CASTOR: See page on CASTOR & POLLUX
CEPHEUS: son of Aleus and Neaera or Cleobule, and an Argonaut from Tegea in Arcadia, of which he was king. He had twenty sons and two daughters, and nearly all of his sons perished in an expedition which they had undertaken with Heracles. The town of Caphyae was believed to have derived its name from him. (Smith)
CLYTIUS: An Argonaut.
CORONUS: An Argonaut.
ECHION: Son of Hermes, spy for the Argonauts.
ERGINUS: a son of Clymenus and Buzyge or Budeia, was king of Orchomenos. After Clymenus was killed by Perieres at the festival of the Onchestian Poseidon, Erginus, his eldest son, who succeeded him as king, undertook to avenge the death of his father. He marched against Thebes, and surpassing the enemy in the number of his horsemen, he killed many Thebans, and compelled them to a treaty, in which they bound themselves to pay him for twenty years an annual tribute of 100 oxen. Heracles once met the heralds of Erginus, who were going to demand the usual tribute: he cut off their ears and noses, tied their-hands behind their backs, and thus sent them to Erginus, saying that this was his tribute. Erginus now undertook a second expedition against Thebes, but was defeated and slain by Heracles, whom Athena had provided with arms. (Apollod. ii. 4. § 11; Diod. iv. 10; Strab. ix, p. 414; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 272; Eurip. Here. fur. 220 ; Theocrit. xvi. 105.) Pausanias. (ix. 37. § 2, &c.), who agrees with the other writers in the first part of the my-: thus, states, that Erginus made peace with Heracles, and devoted all his energy to the promotion of the prosperity of his kingdom. In this manner Erginus arrived, at an advanced age without having either wife or children: but, as he did not wish any longer to live alone, he consulted the Delphic oracle, which advised him to take a youthful wife. This he did, and became by her the father of Tro-phonius and Agamedes, or, according to Eustathius (l.c.) of Azeus. Erginus is also mentioned among the Argonauts, and is said to have succeeded Tiphys. as helmsman, (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 185, ii. 896.) When the Argonauts took part in the fu neral games which Hypsipyle celebrated at Lem- nos in honour of her father Thoas, Erginus also contended for a prize ; but he was ridiculed by the Lemnian women, because, though still young, he had grey hair. However, he conquered the sons of Boreas in the foot-race. (Find. Ol. iv. 29, &c., with the Schol.) Later traditions represent our Erginus as a Milesian and a son of Poseidon. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 185, &c.; Orph. Argon. 150 ; Apollod. i. 9. § 16; Hygin. Fab. 14; comp. Mill- ler, Orchom. p. 179, &c. 2nd edit.) (Smith)
ERIBOTES: An Argonaut, acted as surgeon, operating on Oileus.
EUPHEMUS: a son of Poseidon by Europe, the daughter of Tityus, or by Mecionice or Oris, a daughter of Orion or Eurotas. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 15 ; Tzetz. CM. ii. 43.) According to the one account he was an inhabitant of Panopeus on the Cephissus in Phocis, and according to the other of Hyria in Boeotia, and afterwards lived at Taenarus. By a Lemnian woman, Malicha, Malache, or Lamache, he became the father of Leucophanes (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 455; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 886) ; but he was married to Laonome, the sister of Heracles. Euphemus was one of the Calydonian hunters, and the helmsman of the vessel of the Argonauts, and, by a power which his father had granted to him, he could walk on the sea just as on firm ground. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 182.) He is mentioned also as the ancestor of Battus, the founder of Gyrene, and the following story at once connects him with that colony. When the Argonauts carried their ship through Libya to the coast of the Mediterranean, Triton, who would not let them pass without shewing them some act of friendship, offered them a clod of Libyan earth. None of the Argonauts would accept it; but Euphemus did, and with the clod of earth he received for his descendants the right to rule over Libya. Euphemus was to throw the piece of earth into one of the chasms of Taenaron in Peloponnesus, and his descendants, in the fourth generation, were to go to Libya and take it into cultivation. When, however, the Argonauts passed the island of Calliste, or Thera, that clod of earth by accident fell into the sea, and was carried by the waves to the coast of the island. The colonization of Libya was now to proceed from Thera, and although still by the descendants of Euphemus, yet not till the seventeenth generation after the Argonauts. The seventeenth descendant of Euphemus was Battus of Thera. (Pind. Pyth. iv. 1, &c.; Apollon. Rhod. ii. 562; Hygin. Fab. 14, 173; Herod, iv. 150.) According to Apollonius Rhodius (iv. 1755), the island of Thera itself had arisen from the clod of earth, which Euphemus purposely threw into the sea. (Smith)
EURYDAMAS: An Argonaut.
EURYTION: An Argonaut who later killed his father-in-law during the Calydonian hunt.
EURYTUS: An Argonaut, son of Hermes, also known as Erytus.
HERACLES: See page for HERACLES.
HYLAS: a son of Theiodamas, king of the Dryopes, by the nymph Menodice (Apollon. Rhod. i. 1213; Hygin. Fab. 14, 271; Propert. i. 20, 6); or, according to others, a son of Heracles, Euphemus, or Ceyx. (Schol. ad Theocrit. xiii. 7; Anton. Lib. 26.) He was the favourite of Heracles, who, after having killed his father, Theioda mas, took him with him when he joined the expedition of the Argonauts. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 131; Orph. Argon. 221, &c.) When the Argonauts landed on the coast of Mysia, Hylas went out to fetch water for Heracles; but when he came to a well, his beauty excited the love of the Naiads, who drew him down into the water, and he was never seen again. (Comp. Val. Flacc. iii, 545; Orph. Argon. 637, &c.; Theocrit. xiii. 45, &c,) Heracles himself endeavoured to trace him, and called out his name, but in vain ; and the voice of Hylas was heard from the bottom of the well only like a faint echo, whence some say that he was actually metamorphosed into an echo. While Heracles was engaged in seeking his favourite, the Argonauts sailed away, leaving Heracles and his companion, Polyphemus, behind. He threatened to ravage the country of the My- sians unless they would find out where Hylas was, either dead or alive. (Apollon. Rhod, i. 1344.) Hence, says the poet, the inhabitants of Cios (Prusa) still continue to seek for Hylas: namely, the inhabitants of Prusa celebrated an annual festival to the divine youth Hylas, and on that o&- casion the people of the neighbourhood roamed over the mountains calling out the name of Hylas. It was undoubtedly this riotous ceremony that gave rise to the story about Hylas. (Theocrit. xiii. 72; Strab. p. 564.) (Smith)
IDAS: brother of Lynceus who took part in the Argonaut expedition and the Caledonian hunt. Later, he and his brother fought the Dioscuri (Castor and Pollux) in a disagreement over dividing booty from a cattle raid.
IDMON: a son of Apollo and Asteria, the daughter of Coronus (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 139), or, according to others, of Apollo, by An- tianeira, of Ampycus, or of Apollo and Cyrene. (Orph. Arg. 185, &c., 721; Apollon. Rhod. i. 139, &c.; Hygin. Fab. 14; comp. Val. Flacc. i. 228.) He was one of the soothsayers who accompanied the Argonauts: his name signifies "the knowing," and has been considered to be a mere epithet of Thestor or Mopsus. (Schol. ad Apctton. Rhod. i. 139.) He joined the expedition of the Argonauts, although he knew beforehand that death awaited him. He was killed in the country of the Mariandynians by a boar or a serpent; or, according to others, he died of a disease. (Apollod. i. 9. § 23 ; Apollon. Rhod. i. 140, 443, ii. 815, &c.; Val. Flacc. v. 2, &c.) The Megarians and Boeotians who were to found Heracleia, were com manded by Apollo to build the town round the tomb of the hero, and to worship him as the pro tector of the place. (Apollon. Rhod. ii. 846, &c.) There are three other mythical personages of the name of Idmon. (Apollod. ii. 1. § 5; Ov. Met. vi. 8, 138 ; Stat. Theb. iii. 389.) (Smith)
IPHICLUS: An Argonaut, not to be confused with the brother of Heracles of the same name.
IPHITUS: An Argonaut, son of Eurytus, killed by Heracles.
IPHITUS: An Argonaut, son of Naubolus.
JASON: See page for JASON.
LAOCOON: An Argonaut, not to be confused with the Trojan priest.
LEODOCUS: An Argonaut, son of Bias.
LYNCEUS: brother of Idas who took part in the Argonaut expedition and the Caledonian hunt. He and his brother later fought Castor and Pollux over the division of cattle.
MELEAGER: Famed hero of Caledon, whose most famous exploits dealt with the later hunt for the Caledonian boar.
MENOETIUS: An Argonaut, son of Actor and father of Patroclus, the best friend of Achilles.
MOPSUS: A son of Ampyx or Ampycus by the nymph Chloris; and, because he was a seer, he is also called a son of Apollo by Himantis. (Hes. Scut. Here. 181 ; Val. Flac. i. 384 ; Stat. Theb. iii. 521; comp. Orph. Arg. 127.) He was one of the Lapithae of Oechalia or Titaeron (Thessaly), and one of the Calydonian hunters. He is also mentioned among the combatants at the wedding of Peirithous, and was a famous prophet among the Argonauts. He was represented on the chest of Cypselus. (Pind. Pyth. iv. 336 ; Apollon. Rhod. i. 65; Hygin. Fab. 14 ; Ov. Met. viii. 316, xii. 456 ; Paus. v. 17. § 4 ; Strab. ix. p. 443.) He is said to have died in Libya by the bite of a snake, and to have been buried there by the Argonauts. He was afterwards worshipped as an oracular hero. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 80, iv. 1518, &c. ; Taetz. ad Lye. 881.) (Smith)
NAUPLIUS: An Argonaut, descendant of the famed navigator of the same name.
OILEUS: An Argonaut, father of the later hero Ajax the Lesser.
ORPHEUS: See page for ORPHEUS.
PALAEMON: An Argonaut, son of Aetolus, not to be confused with Palaemon, the original name of the sea god Melicertes, or the alternate name for Heracles.
PELEUS: Peleus has an extensive mythology of his own, including his marriage to Thetis, attended by all the gods, and his fathering of the great Greek hero Achilles. He aided Jason in beseiging Iolcus after the Argonaut expedition.
PERICLYMENUS: Son of Neleus, given the power of transformation by Poseidon and later killed by Heracles at Pylos.
PHALERUS: An Argonaut and founder of Gyrton.
PHLIAS: An Argonaut, son of the god Dionysus.
POLYDEUCES (POLLUX): See page for CASTOR AND POLLUX.
POLYPHEMUS: Heracles' brother-in-law. As an Argonaut, he was left behind at Mysia. He then founded Cios.
TALAUS: An Argonaut, son of Bias and king of Argos.
TELAMON: An Argonaut, brother of Peleus and father of Ajax the Great.
TIPHYS: The helmsman of the Argo, Tiphys died of an unknown illness, leading to a succession of substitute helmsmen.
ZETES: See page on BOREAD TWINS.
OTHER ARGONAUTS
ACTOR: An Argonaut, not to be confused with the companion of Aeneas.
AMPHIARAUS: Hunter of the Calydonian boar, founder of the Nemean Games. During the war against Thebes, Amphiaraus fought bravely (Pind. Ol. vi. 26, &c.), but still he could not suppress his anger at the whole undertaking, and when Tydeus, whom he regarded as the originator of the expedition, was severely wounded by Melanippus, and Athena was hastening to render him immortal, Amphiaraus cut off the head of Melanippus, who had in the mean time been slain, and gave Tydeus his brains to drink, and Athena, struck with horror at the sight, withdrew. (Apollod. iii. 6. § 8.) When Adrastus and Amphiaraus were the only heroes who survived, the latter was pursued by Periclymenus, and fled towards the river Ismenius. Here the earth opened before he was overtaken by his enemy, and swallowed up Amphiaraus together with his chariot, but Zeus made him immortal, (Pind. Nem. ix. 57, OL vi. 21, &c.; Plut. Parall. 6; Cic. de Divin. i. 40.) Henceforth Amphiaraus was worshipped as a hero, first at Oropus and afterwards in all Greece. (Paus. i. 34. § 2 ; Liv. xlv. 27.) (Smith)
ASCALAPHUS: An Argonaut.
ASCLEPIUS: Son of Apollo, physician of immense skill, eventually killed by Zeus for daring to raise the dead. He was worshipped as a god of medicine.
AUTOLYCUS: Father of Jason’s mother, Polymede, and Heracles’ wrestling teacher. Smith holds that Apollodorus confused Autolycus with the Thessalonian hero of the same name.
ATALANTA: In ancient mythology there occur two personages of this name, who have been regarded by some writers as identical, while others distinguish between them. Among the latter we may mention the Scholiast on Theocritus (iii. 40), Burmann (ad Ov. Met. x. 565), Spanheim (ad Callimacli. p. 275, &c.), and Munc-ker (ad. Hygin. Fab. 99, 173, 185). K. 0. Miil-ler, on the other hand, who maintains the identity of the two Atalantes, has endeavoured to shew that the distinction cannot be carried out satisfactorily. But the difficulties are equally great in either case. The common accounts distinguish between the Arcadian and the Boeotian Atalante. 1. The Arcadian Atalante is described as the daughter of Jasus (Jasion or Jasius) and Clymene. (Aelian, V. H. xiii. 1 j Hygin. Fab. 99; Callim. Hymn, in Dian. 216.) Her father, who had wished for a son, was disappointed at her birth, and exposed her on the Parthenian (virgin) hill, by the side of a well and at the entrance of a cave. Pau-sanias (iii. 24. § 2) speaks of a spring near the ruins of Cyphanta, which gushed forth from a rock, and which Atalante was believed to have called forth by striking the rock with her spear. In her infancy, Atalante was suckled in the wilderness by a she-bear, the symbol of Artemis, and after she had grown up, she lived in pure maidenhood, slew the centaurs who pursued her, took part in the Calydonian hunt, and in the games which were celebrated in honour of Pelias. Afterwards, her father recognized her as his daughter; and when, he desired her to marry, she made it the condition that every suitor who wanted to win her, should first of all contend with her in the foot-race. If he conquered her, he was to be rewarded with her hand, if not, he was to be put to death by her. This she did because she was the most swift-footed among all mortals, and because the Delphic oracle had cautioned her against marriage. Meilanion, one of her suitors, conquered her in this manner. Aphrodite had given him three golden apples, and during the race he dropped them one after the other. Their beauty charmed Atalante so much, that she could not abstain from gathering them. Thus she was conquered, and became the wife of Meilanion. Once when the two, by their embraces in the sacred grove of Zeus, profaned the sanctity of the place, they were both metamorphosed into lions. Hyginus adds, that Atalante was by Ares the mother of Parthenopaeus, though, according to others, Parthenopaeus was her son by Meilanion. (Apollod. iii. 9. § 2; Serv. ad Aen. iii. 313 j Athen. iii. p. 82.)
2. The Boeotian Atalante. About her the same stories are related as about the Arcadian Atalante, except that her parentage and the localities are described differently. Thus she is said to have been a daughter of Schoenus, and to have been married to Hippomenes. Her footrace is trans ferred to the Boeotian Onchestus, and the sanctuary which the newly married couple profaned by their love, was a temple of Cybele, who metamorphosed them into lions, and yoked them to her chariot. (Oy, Met. x. 565, &c., viii. 318, &c.) In both traditions the main cause of the metamorphosis is, that the husband of Atalante neglected to thank Aphrodite for the gift of the golden apples. Atalante has in the ancient poets various surnames or epithets, which refer partly to her descent, partly to her occupation (the chase), and partly to her swiftness. She was re presented on the chest of Cypselus holding a hind, and by her side stood Meilanion. She also ap peared in the pediment of the temple of Athena Alea at Tegea among the Calydonian hunters. (Paus. v. 19. § 1, viii. 45. § 4; Comp. M'tiller, Orchom. p. 214.) (Smith)
[In Apollonius, Jason rejects Atalanta as an Argonaut because she is a woman; in other authors she is included.]
CAENEUS: An Argonaut, son of Coronus.
CYTISSORUS: An Argonaut, son of Phrixus.
DEUCALION: An Argonaut, son of Minos, not to be confused with the only man to survive the flood.
ERGINUS: Son of the king of Orchomenos, he avenged his father’s death only to be killed by Heracles during the war against Thebes.
ERYTUS: Brother of Echion.
EURYALUS: An Argonaut who later fought against Thebes and at Troy.
EURYMEDON: An Argonaut.
HIPPALCIMUS: An Argonaut.
IOLAUS: Charioteer for Heracles, Iolaus returned from the dead to kill Eurystheus, and was the first to worship the ascended Heracles as a god.
LAERTES: Father of Odysseus.
LEITUS: An Argonaut who later fought at Troy.
MELAMPUS: Brother of Bias, Melampus was the first human endowed with prophesy, and Melampus introduced the worship of Dionysus.
MELAS: An Argonaut.
NELEUS: An Argonaut, not to be confused with Pelias’ brother Neleus.
NESTOR: An Argonaut and Calydonian hunter, most famous for his exploits during the Trojan War, where he provided wise advice to Achilles.
PALAIMONIUS: An Argonaut, son of Hephaestus, physically disabled.
PENELEUS: An Argonaut, a suitor of Helen, and a warrior during the Trojan War.
PHANUS: An Argonaut, brother of Staphylus and Eurymedon.
PHILOCTETES: Son of Poeas, archer during the Trojan War.
PHOCUS: Step-brother of Peleus and Telamon.
PHRONTIS: An Argonaut, son of Phrixus.
POEAS: a son of Phylacus or Thaumacus, and husband of Methone, by whom he became the father of Philoctetes (Horn. Od. iii. 190 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 323). He is mentioned among the Argonauts (Apollod. i. 9. § 16 ; comp. Pind. Pyth. i. 53), and is said to have killed with an arrow, Talaus, in Crete (Apollod. i. 9. § 26). At the request of Heracles, Poeas kindled the pile on which the hero burnt himself, and was rewarded with the arrows of Heracles. (Apollod. ii. 7- § 7). (Smith) [In some stories he kills Talos, the Bronze giant, rather than Talaus, an episode later transferred to Medea.]
PRIAS: An Argonaut, brother of Phocus.
STAPHYLUS: An Argonaut, son of Dionysus (or Theseus) and Ariadne.
THERSONON: An Argonaut, son of Helios and therefore step-brother to Aeetes.
THESEUS: The greatest Attic hero, famed for his killing of the Minotaur. His presence on the Argo is generally considered a secondary attribution by scholars, but Jennifer Neils argued in 1996 that the Bronze Age Theseus was associated early on with the Argonauts due to a shared heritage of sea-faring and a shared origin in Thessalian mythology (Neils, Worshipping Athena). Apollonius states Theseus was adventuring in the Underworld at the time of the Argonautic voyage, while Apollodorus makes Theseus an Argonaut.